ࡱ> =?< bjbj,, ' NN mmmmmI$mFmmm"mmmmL' 0IUUm 3:   IB Biology 3-4 Name ______________________________ Beak Analysis Lab Period ________ Date _____________ Open up the Excel spreadsheet with data about bird beak polymorphisms and fitness. You may import the data into either Excel or Logger Pro, whichever you are more comfortable with. Your job today is to create a set of graphs in order to analyze how natural selection might act on this population.Be sure to fully label and annotate all graphs. Part I: Analysis Assumptions 1. What can we assume is the sole factor determining the fitness of this population of birds? How is fitness being measured? Correlations 2. Run a correlation analysis between a trait assigned to you by the teacher and the birds fitness. When the class has completed this step you will share your correlation coefficients. Do any of the traits have a strong correlation with fitness? Choose one trait, with a strong correlation, that you would like to analyze in greater depth. Population Graphs 3. Learn how to create a histogram, and create a graph that shows how the population varies around this trait. Create a new graph where the y-axis becomes the trait being examined and the x-axis becomes the fitness. Now click the insert button and choose additional graphs and histogram. Keep a bin size of one since we have so few birds in our sample. Also keep a bin start of .5. This indicates, for example, that any bird with a trait measurement of 14.5 mm to 15.4 mm would fall into the bin of 15 mm. Adaptive Landscape 4. Find the average fitness for each trait range (bin) that you used for your histogram. In other words, what is the AVERAGE average seeds/min that each group can consume? Hint: Highlight the beak trait column only in Excel. Then sort it (Sort A(Z). This will reorganize the data so that the lowest values are at the top of the column. Now highlight the fitness values that fall into your bin and look for the average of those values in the lower right hand corner. Now use this data to create a new data set, where the trait is your x-axis, and the fitness is your y. Create a graph, and this is your adaptive landscape!! You may wish to draw your own curve or click on the Curve Fit button above the graph and try different equations to give a smooth curve. Analysis 5. Draw a dotted curve on this graph that predicts your population after 100 generations of selection. 6. What type of selection is shown here? Disruptive, stabilizing, or directional? Explain this choice in your annotation. Part II: Conclusion Begin by explaining Darwin's four postulates for natural selection (look in your notebook), and how they do, or could, apply to this population of birds. Explain how your final adaptive landscape is the result of natural selection. Why do you predict that the population would change in the way that your graph suggests? Turn in all your annotated graphs, your data chart from step #4, and your conclusion. Adapted from Gleason 2010. 018rs k l m y 5 s t U %+f%-cdƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƷƇƷƷƷƷƷ jh)OJQJ^JaJh)5OJQJ\^JaJ"hZ)6h)5OJQJ\^JaJhZ)6h)OJQJ^JaJh)OJQJ^JaJhZ)6h)5OJQJ^JaJh*W5OJQJ^JaJhZ)6h*W5OJQJ^JaJ58rst l m z de;< 1$7$8$H$gd)d:R:<妕 h^z1h)CJOJQJ^JaJh)CJOJQJ^JaJh kh)5OJQJ^JaJ"hZ)6h)5OJQJ\^JaJh)5OJQJ\^JaJh)OJQJ^JaJhZ)6h)OJQJ^JaJ 1$7$8$H$gd)%0:p)/ =!"#$%666666666vvvvvvvvv666666>6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666hH6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666662 0@P`p2( 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p 0@P`p8XV~ OJPJQJ_HmH nH sH tH @`@ 8/NormalCJ_HaJmH sH tH DA D Default Paragraph FontRiR Table Normal4 l4a (k ( No List PK![Content_Types].xmlj0 u$Nwc$ans@8JbVKS(.Y$8MVgLYS]"(U֎_o[gv; f>KH|;\XV!]օ Oȥsh]Hg3߶PK!֧6 _rels/.relsj0 }Q%v/C/}(h"O = C?hv=Ʌ%[xp{۵_Pѣ<1H0ORBdJE4b$q_6LR7`0̞O,En7Lib/SeеPK!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xml M @}w7c(EbˮCAǠҟ7՛K Y, e.|,H,lxɴIsQ}#Ր ֵ+!,^$j=GW)E+& 8PK!\theme/theme/theme1.xmlYOoE#F{o'NDuر i-q;N3' G$$DAč*iEP~wq4;{o?g^;N:$BR64Mvsi-@R4Œ mUb V*XX! cyg$w.Q "@oWL8*Bycjđ0蠦r,[LC9VbX*x_yuoBL͐u_. DKfN1엓:+ۥ~`jn[Zp֖zg,tV@bW/Oټl6Ws[R?S֒7 _כ[֪7 _w]ŌShN'^Bxk_[dC]zOլ\K=.:@MgdCf/o\ycB95B24S CEL|gO'sקo>W=n#p̰ZN|ӪV:8z1f؃k;ڇcp7#z8]Y / \{t\}}spķ=ʠoRVL3N(B<|ݥuK>P.EMLhɦM .co;əmr"*0#̡=6Kր0i1;$P0!YݩjbiXJB5IgAФ޲a6{P g֢)҉-Ìq8RmcWyXg/u]6Q_Ê5H Z2PU]Ǽ"GGFbCSOD%,p 6ޚwq̲R_gJS֣9)嗛(:/ak;6j11太x~<:ɮ>O&kNa4dht\?J&l O٠NRpwhpse)tp)af] 27n}mk]\S,+a2g^Az )˙>E G鿰L7)'PK! ѐ'theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsM 0wooӺ&݈Э5 6?$Q ,.aic21h:qm@RN;d`o7gK(M&$R(.1r'JЊT8V"AȻHu}|$b{P8g/]QAsم(#L[PK-![Content_Types].xmlPK-!֧6 /_rels/.relsPK-!kytheme/theme/themeManager.xmlPK-!\theme/theme/theme1.xmlPK-! ѐ' theme/theme/_rels/themeManager.xml.relsPK]  d  8@0( RR B S  ? sz  :) @ P@UnknownGTimes New Roman5Symbol3 Arial5& *[`)Tahoma7Cambria qhºf޳ / hh24g K#QHP?'`0!mraczekmraczek Oh+'0`*   , 8DLT\d'mraczek Normal.dotmmraczek9Microsoft Macintosh Word@ِ@3&@$L' G(PICT(b HHb bHHN8bb !! Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ7 w=ZRJRcR^^{V^o{cZ^Zc< {g9so{g9kZg9Z^{ww{{o{g9g9kZ{sM{RskZkZskZo{ckZscsso{^cckZg9o{g9g9ckZkZ{V{V^VZsVZRZcRskZZZg9kZc^Vg9swg9g9VVws Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣg{{{{{{{{{{{{{{w{{{{Uo{c^g9cg9^g9Zg9g9kZcg9g9kZ^^c^^Z^^sc^ZsZZo{g9Zc^kZZc^g9^c^o{^^c^ccZZ^^co{^ckZZZccg9o{g9cs^c^w^^Z^ckZZkZZg9^swo{wkZww{w{{o{wssws{ww{sw{{w{w{wo{w{o{w{sw{w{{{w{wwo{wso{w{{w{{g9g9so{c^kZs^o{sg9skZ{kZg9g9wVkZwscg9o{^o{kZg9wkZkZwo{kZwg9kZg9o{skZg9cg9!^g9wkZkZZ{{^o{kZskZcsg9kZckZskZso{wo{kZco{wso{kZsc{kZo{wo{{o{ kZwkZo{o{^^kZso{swo{sskZ{kZo{skZkZ{o{kZo{sso{#sg9o{o{{o{wkZswo{kZwg9o{wo{o{kZg9{o{wo{sskZkZo{wskZswo{skZ{sw kZssw{sskZww{kZw^{o{Zo{kZckZkZcsg9^g9wg9cg9s^cc^csc^kZo{ckZwkZg9o{o{kZcg9c^wo{^cwcg9wZcZskZ^^skZkZg9c {sso{{swso{{o{kZo{{{o{wsso{sg9wwss{skZwws{wwo{swo{ so{o{swswsskZsg9so{wo{o{wkZswso{o{{wo{o{wwso{su{o{s o{o{so{o{wkZo{kZkZo{ ws{kZskZwo{o{wskZo{g9kZo{o{kZssg9sg9o{sskZsg9{o{o{wuwg9g9ccg9kZg9co{g9o{kZskZwwg9sg9{sskZsg9g9sg9kZcg9skZcsg9sg9kZo{g9o{kZsg9g9o{ Ƣ Ƣ%{w{{ww3{Ns=JRF1NsNsRckZF1JRBBZBF1se{skZ{{o{w{{{{{{{{{{{{ {cc^^kZV^o{^c.g9kZZZ^^o{c^kZ^kZZkZ^ckZ^Z^ckZ^ZkZcZ^kZg9^co{Zg9ZkZ^kZg9^ckZZ^Vc^o{Zo{cV^co{c^^V^^Zg9kZo{{{ww{ wwg9{{w{w{{ w{w{w{{wwg9s{ www{w{w{w{w{w{w{ww{skZww{w{{ww{{ww{{w{{sZo{{g9^g9cg9Vwo{kZg9kZkZo{skZkZ^kZg9:o{^kZo{kZkZcsg9o{kZg9ssg9skZg9g9o{cg9o{o{g9cckZ{NskZ^^kZ^co{^o{g9g9kZco{g9g9o{o{kZcg9g9skZg9^{g9w{o{o{{wwsso{wso{{o{wkZo{^o{wo{o{kZso{'wo{o{wkZkZss^so{cwo{o{wkZo{so{kZo{wwso{o{{o{kZco{kZg9o{wo{swo{wo{o{wo{skZwso{o{wo{w{g9sskZg9g9wswwkZwssg9wkZo{{sg9ww^o{wwo{kZs,o{o{wwo{kZwkZso{{w{cssg9s{o{swss{skZws{o{s{o{sg9wsswwkZg9s{{o{g9{o{g9GkZg9g9sso{kZg9g9wkZwo{kZkZg9g9kZsg9kZo{g9kZg9V^g9kZkZo{cscg9co{g9wg9^kZg9csg9g9kZcg9skZg9^g9s^kZscsg9kZkZ^o{g9sg9cw{{w{{{w{ww{{ww{{{{{wwww{wKs^VVRVkZkZZ^ZkZVZRVZRg9NsRo{ZRR^g9g9ZVR^g9RNssNsZo{NsRg9g9ZVg9VVkZZRVcVVg9^VwRRo{Vc^RRkZ^g9RVZVscVo{VkZRR{+o{o{w{w{Rwc^kZg9o{cZ^kZg9ccg9kZc^kZo{o{^g9^skZg9o{Zg9s^Zco{g9wg9kZZg9ws^cg9s^ckZkZcwg9^g9g9kZo{Vo{cg9^wg9skZg9co{sg9kZ^g9^c^cwZ^g9s{ss{o{kZs{s wswssw{{wwss{ss{so{o{{s{wso{s{{sww{swss{wssw{s {wswws{{swswswswswTwg9so{kZg9s{wkZg9kZco{kZwg9kZc^ckZkZZco{kZskZkZg9sg9^g9^g9o{w^c^kZkZcg9g9o{ckZkZscg9kZskZc^kZkZsZg9g9{kZg9g9skZccwo{g9kZo{sg9scg9^{ssws?{sso{o{so{o{kZo{kZo{wkZo{wo{o{ww{o{so{{kZkZg9sws{o{o{kZskZco{w{wwswo{kZkZsso{wswo{o{so{skZ{swso{{swso{o{ o{wcswkZso{wwckZo{{kZkZo{wwcswo{g9{o{swg9Zo{ wo{swkZso{wo{wso{w o{sskZo{wso{ww wg9sg9g9wo{g9sg9wo{g9sg9scg9o{g9{g9csZg9^g9sg9co{kZkZo{g9g9kZg9o{g9o{Zcg9o{g9sVo{g9wkZkZg9kZo{g9sg9w Ƣ Ƣ{ww{NsBJRNsVNsc{w{ެ-g9cVkZcwo{^g9ZkZ^o{g9kZg9wg9co{^^scg9cZo{^^s^kZZg9g9o{o{g9co{g9g9cg9cs^^g9{ZVkZg9kZccg9cg9^o{s^kZkZ^kZckZ^ws{wo{so{so{wsswskZskZs{so{so{so{sswswo{wkZskZo{s wo{so{ww{csso{swso{s{ Ƣ Ƣ8{sg9kZg9o{swo{w{kZwso{so{so{{s{g9wss{g9o{skZg9kZsso{kZswo{sg9g9so{sss{kZkZwo{skZkZcso{kZo{wg9o{w{g9wsw{o{{wss{*wo{o{o{c^sg9^g9sg9o{ccg9o{g9csco{cg9kZkZsc^kZ{kZg9^g9Zco{kZw^g9kZg9Vscwcg9cg9g9cg9c{g9kZ^cco{g9 o{g9cckZwg9o{cg9c{ޭ!sVVZZNs^Z^ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ1wJR^Rs9wZkZZZRZg9RZo{-sg9o{{g9wswkZg9skZkZw wVkZkZckZg9wo{o{g9^g9g9kZ0g9kZkZo{g9g9{^kZg9skZg9g9co{g9g9o{g9o{o{kZg9kZkZo{kZco{o{g9kZkZsckZ^{g9wo{kZkZskZg9o{^kZso{g9ckZ o{kZckZwckZkZs{o{kZ^kZso{o{g9g9kZkZo{^sskZswo{swkZo{o{kZo{kZ o{wo{ssg9o{kZkZwo{kZo{ skZo{kZ{o{wkZo{kZwo{kZkZwkZo{wskZo{skZo{wo{wwwkZkZsskZwkZsws kZwo{ws{kZkZsskZso{so{ss{kZws{wsw{cskZ{wkZswswskZwwsww{wkZwswwkZwwo{so{sso{wkZc wR^cg9scsccg9cZg9c"g9co{g9sg9ccwso{^c^cscg9c{^c^cc^s^cZg9cg9o{c^kZZ^skZs^kZg9co{g9scZckZ^cwkZo{ww{wsw{wwww{wwswV^V^ZVg9Z^^o{VZkZcV^R^VZ^kZVVo{RRg9V+ZVZZVg9ZZVVkZ^NsVV^kZZcRkZZcVo{ZRkZcZVg9VVRVkZRVVRZZkZM{{{{{s{{s{ws{ Ƣ Ƣ{VZg9Zg9ZsRcg9c^g9c^1Z^c^cZR^so{g9^^o{VV^sVcZ^c^^Zo{cZ^o{NsZwZZ^g9^Zg9o{cZcR^VcZ o{g9sg9sg9sg9skZkZg9sg9g9kZg9o{g9g9o{o{ZkZVg9kZg9o{o{kZkZwg9wg9skZg9so{g9Zwwg9sg9g9o{kZkZg9sskZkZg9kZg9g9kZg9w Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ%wsw{ww{so{-{o{co{kZso{so{o{kZo{sso{ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ Ƣ w ՜.+,0 hp|  'èappg   Title  !"#$%&'()*+,-./012356789:;>Root Entry FL'@1TableUWordDocument' SummaryInformation(*DocumentSummaryInformation84CompObj` F Microsoft Word 97-2004 DocumentNB6WWord.Document.8